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VALEROYL CHLORIDE
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Description
Valeryl Chloride
Other Names: Pentanoyl chloride; Butanecarbonyl chloride
CAS Number: 638-29-9
Sum Formula: C₅H₉ClO
Molar Mass: 120.58 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Valeryl chloride is an acyl chloride derived from valeric acid. It is a reactive intermediate widely used in organic synthesis, particularly for the acylation of amines, alcohols, and aromatic compounds. Its high reactivity with water and nucleophiles makes it valuable in producing esters, amides, and pharmaceutical intermediates.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 0.97 g/cm³
Melting Point: −94 °C
Boiling Point: 130–132 °C
Solubility in Water: Reacts violently (hydrolyzes to valeric acid and HCl)
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with most organic solvents (e.g., ether, chloroform, benzene)
Odor: Pungent, acrid
Applications
Organic Synthesis: Acylating agent in the production of esters, amides, and ketones.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Intermediate in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
Agrochemicals: Used to prepare pesticide and herbicide intermediates.
Polymer Chemistry: Introduced into polymers to modify physical and chemical properties.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
GHS Hazard Statements
H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
H290 (71.9%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]
H314 (99.4%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
H318 (71.9%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H331 (96.2%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H412 (71.9%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]
Precautionary Statement Codes
P210, P233, P234, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P370+P378, P390, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P406, and P501
First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek urgent medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin with water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical help.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical care.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention.
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from moisture and incompatible substances such as water, alcohols, amines, and bases.
Handling Precautions: Handle under dry conditions. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Use appropriate chemical fume hood and protective equipment.