Isobutyraldehyde

Isobutyraldehyde
Other Names: 2-Methylpropanal, Isobutanal
CAS Number: 78-84-2
Sum Formula: C₄H₈O
Molar Mass: 72.11 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless, volatile liquid with pungent, sharp odor

Isobutyraldehyde is a branched aliphatic aldehyde widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. It is produced industrially by hydroformylation of propene and serves as a precursor to isobutanol, neopentyl glycol, and various resins, solvents, and plasticizers. It is highly flammable and prone to oxidation when exposed to air.

Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 0.802 g/cm³ (20°C)
Melting Point: -65°C
Boiling Point: 63°C
Flash Point: -6°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 119 mmHg (20°C)
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (~85 g/L at 20°C)
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with most organic solvents
Odor Threshold: ~0.2 ppm
Stability: Easily oxidized; sensitive to air and light

Applications
Intermediate in the production of isobutanol and neopentyl glycol
Precursor in resin, plasticizer, and solvent synthesis
Applied in fine chemical and specialty intermediate production
Used in laboratory organic synthesis for condensation and acylation reactions

Safety

Signal Word: Danger

First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing
Inhalation: Move to fresh air. If symptoms occur, seek medical help
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical advice immediately

Handling and Storage
Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, well-ventilated place
Protect from air, heat, sparks, and open flames
Keep away from oxidizing agents
Handle under inert gas for long-term stability