Diethyl Malonate

Diethyl Malonate
Other Names: DEM, Malonic acid diethyl ester, Propanedioic acid diethyl ester
CAS Number: 105-53-3
Sum Formula: C₇H₁₂O₄
Molar Mass: 160.17 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid

Diethyl malonate is an aliphatic diester of malonic acid, widely used in organic synthesis as a building block for the preparation of barbiturates, substituted acetic acids, and various heterocycles. It acts as a reactive methylene compound due to the acidity of its methylene hydrogen atoms, allowing for alkylation and condensation reactions in industrial and laboratory applications.

Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.06 g/cm³ (20°C)
Melting Point: –50°C
Boiling Point: 199–200°C
Flash Point: 96°C (closed cup)
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (13 g/L at 20°C)
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with alcohol, ether, chloroform
Vapor Pressure: ~0.3 mmHg (20°C)
Odor: Mild, fruity

Applications
Used as a reagent and intermediate in organic synthesis
Employed in the production of agrochemicals, dyes, and fine chemicals
Serves as a precursor in the synthesis of carboxylic acids and barbiturates
Used in the preparation of malonic ester derivatives via alkylation

Safety

Signal Word: Warning

First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation develops
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing
Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention

Handling and Storage
Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area
Keep away from heat sources, ignition sources, and incompatible materials such as strong bases or oxidizers
Use appropriate PPE to avoid skin and eye contact