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Chloroform
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Description
Chloroform
Other Names: Trichloromethane, Methyl trichloride
CAS Number: 67-66-3
Sum Formula: CHCl₃
Molar Mass: 119.38 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless, volatile liquid
Chloroform is a halogenated organic solvent known for its high volatility and moderate polarity. It has historically been used in extraction processes, organic synthesis, and as a solvent for nonpolar and moderately polar compounds. Due to its toxicity and regulatory status, its use is restricted and carefully controlled.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.48 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
Melting Point: -63.5°C
Boiling Point: 61.2°C
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (~8 g/L at 20°C)
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with most organic solvents
Odor: Sweet, ether-like
Vapor Pressure: ~160 mmHg (at 25°C)
Flash Point: Non-flammable under standard conditions (but forms phosgene upon degradation)
Applications
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Organic Synthesis: Solvent for alkaloids, fats, rubber, and resins
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Chemical Processing: Intermediate in the production of fluorocarbons and other chlorinated compounds
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Laboratory Use: Employed in sample preparation, phase separation, and extraction procedures
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Industrial Cleaning: Used in limited, controlled settings for degreasing or removal of organics (under regulation)
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]
H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]
H361d: Suspected of damaging the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]
H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
P203, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501
First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation occurs
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Seek medical attention in case of respiratory symptoms
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth and seek immediate medical attention
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area. Protect from light and heat. Prevent contact with air to avoid degradation to phosgene
Handling Precautions: Use only in fume hoods or well-ventilated areas. Avoid inhalation and prolonged exposure. Handle under strictly controlled conditions
Important Note:
This product is available exclusively for business and institutional customers. Sale requires confirmation of professional use. Not available for individual/consumer purchase.