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Bromoethane
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Description
Bromoethane
Other Names: Ethyl bromide, Monobromoethane
CAS Number: 74-96-4
Sum Formula: C₂H₅Br
Molar Mass: 108.97 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Bromoethane is a simple ethyl halide used primarily as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis. It is a reactive compound that readily undergoes nucleophilic substitution reactions, making it useful in the production of various ethylated compounds.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.46 g/cm³
Melting Point: –119°C
Boiling Point: 38.4°C
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (8.7 g/L at 20°C)
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with alcohol, ether, and chloroform
Odor: Sweet, chloroform-like odor
Applications
Organic Synthesis: Used to introduce ethyl groups via SN2 alkylation reactions.
Chemical Manufacturing: Intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and surfactants.
Laboratory Reagent: Employed in synthesis and teaching labs for reactivity and mechanism studies.
Material Science: Occasionally used in surface functionalization or polymer chemistry.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]
H302+H332 (46.7%): Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]
H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H351 (100%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]
H420 (46.1%): Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere [Warning Hazardous to the ozone layer]
P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P330, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, P501, and P502
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition, oxidizing agents, and strong bases.
Handling Precautions: Use in a fume hood or with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Wear full PPE when handling.