Aniline (Aminobenzene) Pure

Aniline

Other Names: Aminobenzene, Benzenamine, Phenylamine
Chemical Formula: C₆H₇N
Molar Mass: 93.13 g/mol
CAS Number: 62-53-3
Appearance: Pale yellow liquid
Odor: Characteristic, unpleasant odor

Aniline is the simplest aromatic primary amine and consists of a benzene ring directly bonded to an amino group. Its structure makes it an important model compound in studies of aromatic amines, including investigations of hydrogen bonding, molecular hydration, spectroscopy and excited-state dynamics. Experimental studies of aniline–water systems have shown that the amino group participates in intermolecular interactions and strongly influences the organization of molecular clusters. Aniline is also extensively investigated as a reactive aromatic monomer. Oxidative polymerization of aniline produces polyaniline and related oligomeric structures, with the composition and morphology of the products depending strongly on reaction conditions such as acidity and the oxidizing agent. Because of this behavior, aniline is widely studied in polymer chemistry, materials science and reaction-mechanism research. It is also used as a starting compound in the synthesis of numerous aromatic derivatives and other industrially relevant chemical intermediates.

Chemical and physical properties

Aniline is a liquid under ambient conditions. Published experimental data report a melting point of approximately −6 °C and a boiling point close to 184 °C.

Measurements at 293.15 K and atmospheric pressure have reported a density of approximately 1.021 g/cm³ and a dynamic viscosity of about 4.4 mPa·s.

Aniline is only partially miscible with water. Experimental solubility measurements report approximately 3.6 mass% aniline in water near 25 °C, with its solubility increasing as temperature rises.

The amino group of aniline can participate in hydrogen-bonding interactions, while the aromatic ring influences its electronic and spectroscopic properties. These features make aniline a frequently investigated model compound for aromatic amine interactions and molecular association.

Applications

Aniline is extensively used as a starting material in polymer chemistry. Its oxidative polymerization produces polyaniline, a conducting and responsive polymer investigated in the form of films, granules, nanotubes, nanowires and other micro- and nanostructures.

It is also used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, antioxidants, rubber-related chemicals and other aromatic compounds.

In research, aniline serves as a model aromatic amine in spectroscopic, photochemical and physicochemical studies, including investigations of hydrogen bonding, molecular clusters, reaction kinetics and intermolecular interactions.

Safety Information

Signal Word: ⚠️ Danger

Handling and Storage

• Handling: Avoid inhalation and skin contact. Use with adequate ventilation

• Storage: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from light, oxidizers, and acids

Environmental Considerations

Aniline is hazardous to aquatic environments. Prevent any release into waterways or soil. Dispose of waste responsibly.