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1-Bromobutane
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Description
1-Bromobutane
Other Names: Butyl bromide, n-Butyl bromide, n-C4H9Br
CAS Number: 109-65-9
Sum Formula: C₄H₉Br
Molar Mass: 137.02 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless liquid
1-Bromobutane is a straight-chain primary alkyl halide commonly used as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis. It is a versatile building block for the introduction of butyl groups in chemical reactions and is also used in the production of surfactants, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural chemicals.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.27 g/cm³
Melting Point: –112°C
Boiling Point: 101–103°C
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (0.61 g/L at 25°C)
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with most organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and acetone
Odor: Sweet, ether-like odor
Applications
Organic Synthesis: Used as an alkylating agent in nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Chemical Manufacturing: Intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and agrochemicals.
Surface Chemistry: Precursor for the synthesis of quaternary ammonium compounds and surfactants.
Research: Utilized in the study of SN1/SN2 mechanisms in synthetic and mechanistic chemistry.
Safety
Signal Word: Warning
H225 (69.7%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]
H226 (26.4%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
H315 (96.7%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]
H319 (78.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H335 (90.8%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]
H351 (48.4%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]
H360FD (45.7%): May damage fertility; May damage the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]
H373 (44.5%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
H411 (62.9%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]
P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat, open flames, and incompatible substances such as strong bases and oxidizers.
Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and contact with skin or eyes. Use under a fume hood with appropriate personal protective equipment.