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Trifluoroacetic Acid
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Description
Trifluoroacetic Acid
Other Names: TFA, Trifluoroethanoic acid, Trifluoromethanoic acid
CAS Number: 76-05-1
Sum Formula: C₂HF₃O₂
Molar Mass: 114.02 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Trifluoroacetic acid is a strong, volatile, and corrosive organic acid belonging to the family of carboxylic acids. It is widely used in organic chemistry as a reagent and solvent due to its high acidity and volatility.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.49 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
Melting Point: -15.4°C
Boiling Point: 72.4°C
Solubility in Water: Miscible
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with most organic solvents such as methanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and dichloromethane
Odor: Pungent, acidic
Applications
Chemical Synthesis: Commonly used as a strong acid catalyst and reagent in acylation and deprotection reactions.
Analytical Chemistry: Employed in HPLC and mass spectrometry as a mobile phase additive.
Industrial Applications: Used in the production of agrochemicals, polymers, and fluorinated compounds.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H290 (23.5%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]
H302 (23.1%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
H318 (48.3%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H412 (100%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]
P234, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P390, P405, P406, and P501
First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Seek immediate medical attention.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water. Seek medical attention.
Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Seek immediate medical assistance.
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from heat and incompatible materials such as bases and oxidizing agents.
Handling Precautions: Use only with adequate ventilation. Avoid inhalation and contact with skin and eyes. Wear appropriate protective equipment.