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Phosphorus Trichloride
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Description
Phosphorus Trichloride
Other Names: Trichlorophosphine, PCl₃
CAS Number: 7719-12-2
Sum Formula: PCl₃
Molar Mass: 137.33 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow fuming liquid
Phosphorus trichloride is a volatile and reactive inorganic compound primarily used as a chlorinating agent and intermediate in the synthesis of organophosphorus compounds, agrochemicals, and flame retardants. It reacts violently with water, forming phosphorous acid and hydrogen chloride.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.574 g/cm³ (20°C)
Melting Point: -93.6°C
Boiling Point: 76.1°C
Solubility in Water: Reacts violently
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride
Vapor Pressure: 13.3 kPa at 20°C
Odor: Pungent, irritating
Reactivity: Hydrolyzes in moist air; corrosive to metals
Applications
Used in the production of phosphorous acid and other phosphorus-containing compounds
Intermediate in the synthesis of flame retardants, plasticizers, and organophosphorus pesticides
Chlorinating agent in chemical manufacturing
Used in laboratory research and industrial chemistry
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H373 **: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501
First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek immediate medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water. Seek immediate medical help
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Administer oxygen if needed. Seek emergency medical care
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Call poison control or emergency services
Handling and Storage
Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area
Keep away from water, alcohols, bases, and oxidizing agents
Handle under inert atmosphere if possible; use with proper PPE and fume hood
Corrosive to metals and tissue – extreme caution required