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Mercury (II) Nitrate
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Description
Mercury(II) Nitrate
Other Names: Mercuric nitrate, Mercury dinitrate
CAS Number: 10045-94-0
Sum Formula: Hg(NO₃)₂
Molar Mass: 324.60 g/mol
Appearance: White to slightly yellow crystalline solid or powder
Mercury(II) nitrate is an inorganic salt of mercury in the +2 oxidation state. It is highly soluble in water and forms strongly acidic solutions due to hydrolysis. It has historically been used in gilding, chemical synthesis, and analytical chemistry.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 4.3 g/cm³
Melting Point: 79°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
Solubility in Water: Very soluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Soluble in dilute nitric acid; insoluble in alcohol
Odor: Odorless
Applications
Analytical Chemistry: Reagent for detecting alkaloids and phenolic compounds.
Inorganic Synthesis: Precursor for other mercury(II) compounds.
Gilding and Etching: Historically used in surface treatments and metal ornamentation.
Chemical Research: Employed in studies involving mercury coordination and redox chemistry.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H272 (49.4%): May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]
H300+H310+H330 (49.4%): Fatal if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]
H300 (98.7%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
H310 (98.7%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]
H330 (98.7%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H373 (100%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
H400 (98.7%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]
H410 (98.7%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]
P210, P220, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area. Keep away from heat, light, and incompatible materials such as reducing agents and organic matter.
Handling Precautions: Handle with extreme caution. Use only in a fume hood with full personal protective equipment, including gloves and respiratory protection. Follow all environmental and hazardous material handling protocols due to high toxicity and ecological impact.