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Nitroetan C2H5NO2 [ CAS: 79-24-3 ] | Czysty
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Opis
Nitroethane
Other Names: Ethyl nitrite; Nitroethane
CAS Number: 79-24-3
Sum Formula: C₂H₅NO₂
Molar Mass: 75.07 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid
Nitroethane is a simple nitro compound belonging to the class of aliphatic nitroalkanes. It is widely utilized as a chemical reagent and intermediate in laboratory research, especially in studies involving nucleophilic substitutions, condensations, and nitroalkane chemistry.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density (Specific Gravity): 1.05 at 20°C (68°F) – denser than water
Melting Point: -90°C (-130°F)
Boiling Point: 115°C (239°F) at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 41°C (106°F)
Autoignition Temperature: 414°C (778°F)
Vapor Pressure: 21 mmHg at 25°C (77°F)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): Data unavailable
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble
Solubility in Other Solvents: Miscible with many organic solvents
Odor: Fruity, sweet odor
Ionization Energy: 10.88 eV
Explosive Properties
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): 3.4%
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): Data unavailable
Applications
Laboratory Research:
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Used as a nucleophile in organic synthesis and Michael addition reactions.
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Serves as a building block for the synthesis of nitroalkenes, nitro compounds, and heterocyclic systems.
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Studied for reactivity under basic and catalytic conditions.
Organic Synthesis:
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Acts as a precursor in the formation of β-nitroalcohols, nitroolefins, and various substituted derivatives.
Key Properties
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High Purity: Suitable for precise synthetic and mechanistic research applications.
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Versatile: Reacts readily under a range of laboratory conditions.
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Reactive Functional Group: Nitro group enhances acidity and reactivity in base-catalyzed transformations.
Important Note:
This product is intended strictly for laboratory research purposes. It is not approved for human consumption or pharmaceutical use.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
H302+H332 (32.4%): Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]
H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
H331 (18.3%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H332 (81.7%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H361fd (22.6%): Suspected of damaging fertility; Suspected of damaging the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]
H412 (49.8%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]
P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions:
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Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place away from heat sources and open flames.
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Keep container tightly closed and protect from light and moisture.
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Store away from strong oxidizers and bases.
Handling Precautions:
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Handle in a fume hood if possible to avoid inhalation of vapors.
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Use appropriate PPE including flame-resistant clothing, gloves, and eye protection.
IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health) Value:
1000 ppm (NIOSH, 2024)