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Chlorowodór w dioksanie, Kwas Solny 4N w dioksanie
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Opis
Hydrogen Chloride, 4N in Dioxane
Other Names: Hydrochloric acid solution in 1,4-dioxane, HCl in dioxane, Hydrogen chloride solution
CAS Number: 7647-01-0
Sum Formula: HCl
Molar Mass: 36.46 g/mol
Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow solution
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) in dioxane is a solution of anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas dissolved in the organic solvent 1,4-dioxane. The 4N (normal) concentration refers to a solution with 4 moles of HCl per liter. This reagent is commonly used in organic synthesis for acid-catalyzed reactions, deprotection steps, and generation of reactive intermediates.
Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: Varies with concentration; approx. 1.0–1.1 g/cm³ for 4N
Melting Point (of pure HCl): –114.2°C
Boiling Point (of pure HCl): –85.1°C
Solubility in Water: Fully miscible
Solubility in Other Solvents: Highly soluble in organic solvents like dioxane
Odor: Pungent, irritating (HCl gas)
Applications
Organic Synthesis: Used as a Lewis acid for catalysis and deprotection reactions (e.g., removal of BOC or acetal groups).
Polymer Chemistry: Utilized in chain cleavage or chemical modification of polymers.
Reagent Preparation: Acts as a source of H⁺ ions in non-aqueous conditions.
Laboratory Use: Effective in generating anhydrous acidic environments for moisture-sensitive reactions.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H280 (24.3%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]
H290 (22.8%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]
H314 (99.9%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
H318 (20%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H331 (49.4%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H335 (59%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]
P234, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P363, P390, P403+P233, P405, P406, P410+P403, and P501
Handling and Storage
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly sealed, corrosion-resistant container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep away from moisture, bases, and ignition sources.
Handling Precautions: Use only in a chemical fume hood with full personal protective equipment. Avoid inhalation and contact with skin or eyes. Due to the volatility of both HCl and dioxane, handle with proper ventilation and spark-proof tools.