D-(−)-Tartaric acid

Other Names: (2S,3S)-(−)-Tartaric acid, D-Threaric acid
CAS Number: 147-71-7
Sum Formula: C₄H₆O₆
Molar Mass: 150.09 g/mol
Appearance: White crystalline powder

Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring alpha-hydroxy dicarboxylic acid. It contains two stereocenters and is widely used in industrial processes, especially in metal treatment, textile finishing, and as a chelating agent. It forms stable complexes with metal ions and is valued for its acidity and buffering capabilities in technical formulations.

Chemical and Physical Properties
Density: 1.79 g/cm³
Melting Point: ~170°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
Solubility in Water: 139 g/L at 20°C
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Slightly soluble in ethanol; insoluble in non-polar solvents
pKa1: ~3.0 pKa2: ~4.3
Odor: Odorless
Form: Crystalline or powdered solid

Applications
Chelating agent in electroplating and metal cleaning formulations
Used in textile and leather finishing as a mordant or pH adjuster
Applied in ceramics and construction chemicals as a set retarder or dispersant
Intermediate in the synthesis of chiral compounds and catalysts
Used in analytical chemistry for complexometric titrations

Safety

Signal Word: Warning

First Aid Measures
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing
Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Seek medical advice if symptoms develop
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting unless advised by medical personnel

Handling and Storage
Store in a dry, well-ventilated area in tightly closed containers
Keep away from strong oxidizers and moisture
Use appropriate PPE to avoid eye and skin contact