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Methyl Iodide ( Iodomethane )
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Description
Methyl Iodide (Iodomethane)
Other Names: Iodomethane, MeI
CAS Number: 74-88-4
EC Number: 200-819-5
Chemical Formula: CH₃I
Molar Mass: 141.94 g/mol
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow volatile liquid
Methyl iodide is an organoiodine compound used as a methylating agent in organic synthesis. It is a dense, volatile, and reactive liquid with a high refractive index. Due to its alkylating properties, it is widely utilized in laboratory and industrial processes involving the introduction of a methyl group into other molecules.
Chemical and Physical Properties
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Density: 2.28 g/cm³
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Melting Point: −66.5°C
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Boiling Point: 42.5°C
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Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble (1.4 g/100 mL at 20°C)
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Solubility in Organic Solvents: Miscible with alcohol, ether, acetone, and chloroform
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Odor: Strong, sweet, and penetrating odor
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Vapor Pressure: 400 mmHg at 25°C
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Flash Point: −9°C (closed cup)
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Refractive Index: ~1.513
Applications
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Organic Synthesis: Used for methylation of phenols, amines, and other nucleophiles.
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Chemical Research: Applied in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals.
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Isotope Chemistry: Utilized in the synthesis of radiolabeled compounds.
Safety
Signal Word: Danger
H226 (42.8%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
H301+H331 (54.2%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]
H301 (99.6%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
H312 (99.6%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]
H315 (99.6%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]
H317 (14.8%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]
H319 (39.8%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H331 (99.6%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]
H334 (14.8%): May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled [Danger Sensitization, respiratory]
H335 (99.6%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]
H351 (96.2%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]
H400 (42.8%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]
H411 (42.8%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]
P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501
Handling and Storage
Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and light. Protect from moisture, strong bases, and oxidizing agents. Handle under fume hood using appropriate PPE due to volatility and toxicity.